# Open-source Java and Kotlin frameworks

11 open-source Java and Kotlin frameworks rated against public privacy criteria.

1. [Eclipse Vert.x](https://privacyratings.com/jvm-frameworks/eclipse-vert-x/): B (80/100). Eclipse Foundation toolkit for building reactive, event-driven applications on the JVM with non-blocking I/O, usable from Java, Kotlin and other JVM languages.
2. [Helidon](https://privacyratings.com/jvm-frameworks/helidon/): B (80/100). Java framework from Oracle for building microservices, offered as a lightweight functional API (Helidon SE) and a MicroProfile implementation (Helidon MP).
3. [Javalin](https://privacyratings.com/jvm-frameworks/javalin/): B (80/100). Lightweight web framework for Java and Kotlin built on the Jetty server, with a small handler-based API for REST APIs and WebSockets.
4. [Play Framework](https://privacyratings.com/jvm-frameworks/play-framework/): B (80/100). Web framework for Java and Scala with a stateless, non-blocking architecture, hot reloading during development and type-safe templates.
5. [Dropwizard](https://privacyratings.com/jvm-frameworks/dropwizard/): C (70/100). Java framework for building RESTful web services that bundles Jetty, Jersey and Jackson into one application package with built-in metrics and health checks.
6. [Quarkus](https://privacyratings.com/jvm-frameworks/quarkus/): C (65/100). Java framework for cloud and Kubernetes applications, designed for fast startup and low memory use, with GraalVM native compilation and a live-reload dev mode.
7. [Apache Struts](https://privacyratings.com/jvm-frameworks/apache-struts/): D (50/100). Apache MVC framework for building Java web applications, based on actions, interceptors and result views.
8. [Grails](https://privacyratings.com/jvm-frameworks/grails/): D (50/100). Web application framework for the Groovy language built on Spring Boot, with convention over configuration, the GORM data layer and GSP templates.
9. [Ktor](https://privacyratings.com/jvm-frameworks/ktor/): D (50/100). Kotlin framework from JetBrains for building asynchronous servers and HTTP clients with coroutines, extended through plugins.
10. [Micronaut](https://privacyratings.com/jvm-frameworks/micronaut/): D (50/100). JVM framework for microservices and serverless applications in Java, Kotlin and Groovy, using compile-time dependency injection instead of reflection.
11. [Spring Boot](https://privacyratings.com/jvm-frameworks/spring-boot/): D (50/100). Java framework from the Spring project for building standalone applications, with auto-configuration, embedded web servers and starter dependencies.

Source: https://privacyratings.com/open-source/jvm-frameworks/