# Open-source cross-platform app frameworks

27 open-source cross-platform app frameworks rated against public privacy criteria.

1. [Tauri](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/tauri/) (our pick): B (85/100). Framework for building desktop and mobile applications with a web frontend and a Rust backend, using the operating system's webview.
2. [Apache Cordova](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/apache-cordova/): B (80/100). Apache Software Foundation framework for building mobile apps with HTML, CSS and JavaScript, packaged in a native webview with plugins for device APIs.
3. [BeeWare](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/beeware/): B (80/100). Collection of Python tools for building native apps, including the Toga GUI toolkit that uses each platform's native widgets and the Briefcase packaging tool.
4. [GTK](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/gtk/): B (80/100). Toolkit for building graphical user interfaces, written in C with bindings for many languages. It is developed by the GNOME project.
5. [Iced](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/iced/): B (80/100). Cross-platform GUI library for Rust based on the Elm architecture, focused on simplicity and type safety.
6. [Kivy](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/kivy/): B (80/100). Python framework for cross-platform apps with multi-touch support, drawing its own GPU-accelerated widgets and using the KV design language.
7. [NativeScript](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/nativescript/): B (80/100). Framework for building native Android and iOS apps with JavaScript or TypeScript, giving direct access to native platform APIs, usable with Angular, Vue, React, Svelte or Solid.
8. [Wails](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/wails/): B (80/100). Framework for building desktop apps with Go and web technologies, using the operating system's native webview for the frontend.
9. [Slint](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/slint/): C (65/100). UI toolkit for building native user interfaces with a declarative markup language, with APIs for Rust, C++, JavaScript and Python, for desktop, mobile and embedded devices.
10. [.NET MAUI](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/net-maui/): D (50/100). Microsoft's cross-platform UI framework for building native Android, iOS, macOS and Windows apps from a single C# and XAML codebase.
11. [Avalonia UI](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/avalonia-ui/): D (50/100). Cross-platform UI framework for .NET that draws its own controls with XAML and C#, targeting Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, iOS and WebAssembly.
12. [Capacitor](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/capacitor/): D (50/100). Cross-platform native runtime for running web apps on Android and iOS and as progressive web apps, with a plugin API for native device features.
13. [Electrobun](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/electrobun/): D (50/100). Framework for building desktop apps in TypeScript, with a native layer written in Zig, Objective-C and C++, compact bundles and built-in differential updates.
14. [Electron](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/electron/): D (50/100). Framework for building cross-platform desktop applications with JavaScript, HTML and CSS by bundling Chromium and Node.js.
15. [Expo](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/expo/): D (50/100). Framework and tooling built on React Native for building Android, iOS and web apps, with a CLI, SDK modules, file-based routing and optional cloud build services.
16. [Flutter](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/flutter/): D (50/100). Google's UI toolkit for building natively compiled mobile, web and desktop apps from one Dart codebase, drawing its own widgets with its rendering engine.
17. [Framework7](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/framework7/): D (50/100). HTML and JavaScript framework for building mobile, desktop and web apps with an iOS and Material Design look, usable with Vue, React or Svelte.
18. [Fyne](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/fyne/): D (50/100). GUI toolkit for Go that builds desktop, mobile and web apps from a single codebase.
19. [Ionic](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/ionic/): D (50/100). UI toolkit of web components for building mobile, desktop and progressive web apps with HTML, CSS and JavaScript, usable with Angular, React or Vue.
20. [Jetpack Compose](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/jetpack-compose/): D (50/100). Google's declarative UI toolkit for Android apps, written in Kotlin, where interfaces are built from composable functions.
21. [Kotlin Multiplatform](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/kotlin-multiplatform/): D (50/100). JetBrains technology for sharing Kotlin code across Android, iOS, desktop, web and server, with Compose Multiplatform for shared user interfaces.
22. [Lynx](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/lynx/): D (50/100). Cross-platform framework for building native mobile and web interfaces with web technologies such as CSS and React, using a multi-threaded rendering engine.
23. [NW.js](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/nw-js/): D (50/100). Runtime that combines Chromium and Node.js for building desktop apps with HTML and JavaScript, with Node.js modules callable from the DOM.
24. [Quasar](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/quasar/): D (50/100). Vue.js-based framework for building web, mobile and desktop apps from one codebase, with a Material component library and a CLI.
25. [React Native](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/react-native/): D (50/100). Framework from Meta for building native Android and iOS apps with React and JavaScript or TypeScript, rendering platform-native UI components.
26. [Uno Platform](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/uno-platform/): D (50/100). Cross-platform UI framework for .NET that runs C# and XAML apps on Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, iOS and WebAssembly, using WinUI APIs.
27. [Neutralinojs](https://privacyratings.com/app-frameworks/neutralinojs/): D (40/100). Lightweight framework for building desktop apps with JavaScript, HTML and CSS, using the operating system's webview and a small native server instead of a bundled browser.

Source: https://privacyratings.com/open-source/app-frameworks/