# Browsers privacy ratings

Web browsers for desktop and mobile.

**Our picks:** [Mullvad Browser](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/mullvad-browser/): Tor Browser's protections without the Tor network: fingerprinting resistance that makes users look alike, uBlock Origin built in, no telemetry, and fast security updates. Built by the Tor Project and Mullvad, free, and works with any VPN. [Ungoogled Chromium](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/ungoogled-chromium/): The speed and site compatibility of Chromium without the constant connections to Google. Pair it with uBlock Origin for tracker blocking.

| Name | Grade | Jurisdiction | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [Mullvad Browser](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/mullvad-browser/) (our pick) | A (90/100) | Sweden (Fourteen Eyes) | Firefox-based browser developed by the Tor Project and Mullvad for use without the Tor network. Uses Tor Browser's anti-fingerprinting defenses, has no telemetry and includes uBlock Origin. |
| [Ungoogled Chromium](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/ungoogled-chromium/) (our pick) | C (63/100) | Unknown | Chromium with all Google web services, background requests and Google-specific code removed, while keeping the familiar Chromium experience. |
| [Tor Browser](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/tor-browser/) | A (93/100) | United States (Five Eyes) | Firefox-based browser that routes traffic through the Tor network to hide the user's IP address and location. Isolates each site and makes users look alike to resist tracking and fingerprinting. |
| [Helium](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/helium/) | A (90/100) | Unknown | Chromium-based desktop browser from imput built on ungoogled-chromium, with uBlock Origin built in, Google services removed and no telemetry. |
| [Vanadium](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/vanadium/) | A (90/100) | Canada (Five Eyes) | Hardened Chromium-based browser and system WebView from GrapheneOS, with JIT disabled by default, built-in content filtering and remote services removed. Only available on GrapheneOS. |
| [IronFox](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/ironfox/) | B (85/100) | Unknown | Firefox-based browser for Android, a fork of Mull, with telemetry removed, uBlock Origin preinstalled, Strict tracking protection and hardened privacy settings. |
| [WaterFox](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/waterfox/) | B (85/100) | United Kingdom (Five Eyes) | Firefox-based browser with telemetry, studies and sponsored content removed, and a built-in ad and tracker blocker. Available for desktop and Android. |
| [IceCat](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/icecat/) | B (83/100) | Unknown | GNU's build of Firefox ESR containing only free software. Removes non-free components such as DRM and bundles LibreJS and JShelter to restrict JavaScript and fingerprinting. |
| [LibreWolf](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/librewolf/) | B (83/100) | Unknown | Independent fork of Firefox with telemetry removed, uBlock Origin included and Resist Fingerprinting enabled by default. |
| [Cromite](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/cromite/) | B (75/100) | Unknown | Chromium fork and successor of Bromite for Android, Windows and Linux. Adds built-in ad blocking, removes Google service integrations and adds fingerprinting mitigations. |
| [Brave Browser](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/brave-browser/) | C (73/100) | United States (Five Eyes) | Chromium-based browser with built-in ad, tracker and fingerprinting protection through Brave Shields. |
| [Zen Browser](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/zen-browser/) | C (73/100) | Unknown | Firefox-based desktop browser with vertical tabs, workspaces, split view and a compact interface. Mozilla telemetry is removed. |
| [DuckDuckGo Browser](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/duckduckgo-browser/) | C (70/100) | United States (Five Eyes) | Browser from DuckDuckGo that uses the system web engine, blocks third-party trackers, and includes a one-tap Fire Button for clearing data, email protection and DuckDuckGo search by default. |
| [GNOME Web](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/gnome-web/) | C (68/100) | Unknown | Web browser for the GNOME desktop, also called Epiphany, built on WebKitGTK, with ad blocking and Intelligent Tracking Prevention on by default. |
| [Orion Browser](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/orion-browser/) | C (65/100) | United States (Five Eyes) | WebKit-based browser from Kagi for macOS and iOS that blocks ads and trackers by default, has no telemetry, and supports many Chrome and Firefox extensions. |
| [qutebrowser](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/qutebrowser/) | C (65/100) | Unknown | Keyboard-driven browser with a minimal interface and Vim-style key bindings, built on Python and QtWebEngine. |
| [Safari](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/safari/) | C (63/100) | United States (Five Eyes) | Apple's browser for macOS and iOS, built on the open-source WebKit engine. |
| [Ladybird](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/ladybird/) | D (59/100) | United States (Five Eyes) | Independent web browser with a new engine written from scratch, developed by a US non-profit. Still in development with no stable release; it can be built from source on Linux and macOS. |
| [Falkon](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/falkon/) | D (57/100) | Unknown | KDE web browser built on QtWebEngine, with a built-in ad blocker, session management, and integration with the Plasma desktop. |
| [Fennec F-Droid](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/fennec-f-droid/) | D (57/100) | Unknown | Build of Firefox for Android published by F-Droid, with proprietary components and telemetry removed. It still connects to some Mozilla services. |
| [Firefox Focus](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/firefox-focus/) | D (55/100) | United States (Five Eyes) | Browser from Mozilla for Android and iOS that blocks trackers by default and erases history, cookies and passwords with one tap. Sold as Firefox Klar in some countries. |
| [Basilisk Browser](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/basilisk-browser/) | D (50/100) | Unknown | Desktop browser built on the Unified XUL Platform (UXP) and Goanna engine, a fork of Mozilla's older code base. Keeps support for NPAPI plugins and XUL extensions. |
| [PaleMoon](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/palemoon/) | D (50/100) | Unknown | Independent desktop browser built on the Unified XUL Platform (UXP) and Goanna engine, forked from older Mozilla code. Collects no telemetry and supports legacy XUL extensions. |
| [Firefox](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/firefox/) | D (48/100) | United States (Five Eyes) | Mozilla's open-source browser, built on its own Gecko engine rather than Chromium. Supports a wide range of extensions and extensive customization. |
| [Floorp](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/floorp/) | D (48/100) | Japan | Firefox-based browser from Japan with workspaces, split view, web panels, mouse gestures and a customizable interface. Mozilla telemetry is off by default. |
| [Iridium](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/iridium/) | D (45/100) | Germany (Fourteen Eyes) | Chromium fork that disables or makes opt-in the transmission of queries, keywords and metrics to Google and other services. Distributed as source code tarballs only. |
| [SeaMonkey](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/seamonkey/) | D (45/100) | Germany (Fourteen Eyes) | Internet suite with a browser, mail and news client, IRC chat and HTML editor, continuing the Mozilla Application Suite. Built on an older Mozilla platform with backported fixes. |
| [Microsoft Edge](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/microsoft-edge/) | F (30/100) | United States (Five Eyes) | Microsoft's browser, built on Chromium and bundled with Windows. |
| [Vivaldi](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/vivaldi/) | F (28/100) | Norway (Nine Eyes) | Chromium-based browser from Vivaldi Technologies with a customizable interface, built-in mail, calendar and feed reader, and optional tracker and ad blocking. |
| [Google Chrome](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/google-chrome/) | F (23/100) | United States (Five Eyes) | Google's browser, built on the open-source Chromium project. |
| [Samsung Browser](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/samsung-internet/) | F (8/100) | South Korea | Chromium-based browser from Samsung, formerly called Samsung Internet, preinstalled on Galaxy phones and tablets and also available for Windows. Includes Smart anti-tracking, Secret mode and ad-blocker add-ons. |
| [Opera](https://privacyratings.com/browsers/opera/) | F (5/100) | Norway (Nine Eyes) | Chromium-based browser from Opera with a built-in ad blocker, free VPN proxy, sidebar messengers and an AI assistant. |

## Criteria

- **Open source** (weight 3): Is all the source code needed to run the product public?
- **No trackers or telemetry** (weight 3): Are the website and apps free of third-party trackers, with any analytics anonymous and any telemetry off by default?
- **No ads or data sales** (weight 2): Is the product funded without advertising, ad targeting or selling user data?
- **Independent audit** (weight 2): Has an independent security or privacy audit been published within the last three years?
- **Blocks trackers by default** (weight 3): Are third-party trackers blocked by default, without installing extensions?
- **Fingerprinting protection** (weight 2): Does the browser defend against fingerprinting by default?
- **No calls to big-tech services** (weight 2): Does the browser work without background connections to Google, Microsoft or Apple services?
- **Timely security updates** (weight 3): Are security fixes from the upstream engine shipped quickly and automatically?

Source: https://privacyratings.com/browsers/