{
  "slug": "threema",
  "category": "messengers",
  "name": "Threema",
  "description": "Paid end-to-end encrypted messenger from Switzerland that works with a random Threema ID instead of a phone number. The apps are open source; the server is proprietary.",
  "website": "https://threema.com",
  "source": "https://github.com/threema-ch",
  "license": null,
  "platforms": [],
  "jurisdiction": {
    "code": "CH",
    "name": "Switzerland",
    "eyes": null,
    "eu": false,
    "gdpr": true,
    "cloud_act": null
  },
  "pick": false,
  "pick_reason": null,
  "disclosure": null,
  "grade": "B",
  "score": 83,
  "coverage": 100,
  "summary": "Threema scores 83 out of 100 (grade B) on the messengers criteria. It meets 5 of 8 criteria: no trackers or telemetry, no ads or data sales, independent audit, end-to-end encrypted by default and no phone number needed. It partly meets open source, metadata protection and decentralized. It is based in Switzerland: Not in the Five, Nine or Fourteen Eyes; GDPR-style data protection law.",
  "url": "https://privacyratings.com/messengers/threema/",
  "markdown": "https://privacyratings.com/messengers/threema/index.md",
  "answers": {
    "open_source": {
      "title": "Open source",
      "weight": 3,
      "answer": "partial",
      "evidence": "https://github.com/threema-ch/threema-android/blob/main/LICENSE.txt",
      "note": "The apps are AGPL-3.0; the server is closed source."
    },
    "no_trackers": {
      "title": "No trackers or telemetry",
      "weight": 3,
      "answer": "yes",
      "evidence": "https://threema.com/en/why-threema/privacy",
      "note": "Threema states it refrains from advertising and tracking users; the website uses only a first-party affiliate cookie."
    },
    "no_ads": {
      "title": "No ads or data sales",
      "weight": 2,
      "answer": "yes",
      "evidence": "https://threema.com/en/why-threema/privacy",
      "note": "Funded by app purchases and business licenses, with no ads or data trading."
    },
    "independent_audit": {
      "title": "Independent audit",
      "weight": 2,
      "answer": "yes",
      "evidence": "https://threema.com/assets/6-resources/audits/3ma-03-report.v3.pdf",
      "note": "Cure53 published a full audit report of the desktop app."
    },
    "transparency_report": {
      "title": "Transparency report",
      "weight": 2,
      "answer": "n/a",
      "evidence": null,
      "note": "Only applies to hosted services with a website to test."
    },
    "user_notice": {
      "title": "Tells users about requests",
      "weight": 1,
      "answer": "n/a",
      "evidence": null,
      "note": "Only applies to hosted services with a website to test."
    },
    "tls": {
      "title": "TLS configuration",
      "weight": 2,
      "answer": "n/a",
      "evidence": null,
      "note": "Only applies to hosted services with a website to test."
    },
    "security_headers": {
      "title": "Security headers",
      "weight": 1,
      "answer": "n/a",
      "evidence": null,
      "note": "Only applies to hosted services with a website to test."
    },
    "web_standards": {
      "title": "Modern web standards",
      "weight": 1,
      "answer": "n/a",
      "evidence": null,
      "note": "Only applies to hosted services with a website to test."
    },
    "e2ee_default": {
      "title": "End-to-end encrypted by default",
      "weight": 3,
      "answer": "yes",
      "evidence": "https://threema.com/en/why-threema/security",
      "note": "All messages, media, calls and group data are end-to-end encrypted."
    },
    "no_phone_number": {
      "title": "No phone number needed",
      "weight": 2,
      "answer": "yes",
      "evidence": "https://threema.com/en/why-threema/privacy",
      "note": "No phone number or email address is required; accounts use a random Threema ID."
    },
    "metadata_protection": {
      "title": "Metadata protection",
      "weight": 2,
      "answer": "partial",
      "evidence": "https://threema.com/en/why-threema/privacy",
      "note": "Group memberships stay on devices and messages are deleted after delivery, but the server routes messages by sender and recipient ID."
    },
    "decentralized": {
      "title": "Decentralized",
      "weight": 1,
      "answer": "partial",
      "evidence": "https://threema.com/en/products/onprem",
      "note": "Organizations can self-host with Threema OnPrem, but servers do not federate."
    }
  },
  "tests": {
    "ssllabs": null,
    "observatory": null,
    "internetnl_web": null,
    "internetnl_mail": null,
    "trackers": [],
    "tested_at": "2026-10-01T10:59:36.112Z"
  },
  "last_modified": "2026-10-01T11:14:42Z"
}